Articles

European Union countries use different time zones, ranging from UTC to UTC+2. Under EU Directive 2000/84/EC, however, they must all switch to summer time on the last Sunday in March, moving the clocks forward by one hour. Changing the clocks is criticized for its costs and lack of tangible benefits.

The Polish Ministry of Digital Affairs has moved to the next stage of works on the digital tax bill. Another sectoral levy will almost certainly increase service prices for consumers and smaller businesses. The estimated — and probably overstated — tax revenues of PLN 1.7–4 billion will not materially improve public finances, whose problems stem from excessive spending rather than insufficient revenue.

Poland has established a position, unique in Europe, as a shopping hub for people living in the border regions of neighboring countries. Consumers come to Poland from every direction to buy goods and services for their own use.

These KEKVAs are a unique Hungarian legal construct, technically classified as private-law entities, to which the state has outsourced its former public duties, primarily the running of universities, research, and culture.

Why is Poland facing another Constitutional Tribunal crisis? What is the story behind the current events? How is legal argumentation instrumentalized by political actors to legitimize partisan objectives? How does systemic political polarization create or sustain a \"default state of unlawfulness\" within a government?

France has been in turmoil (again) since mid-September: peaceful student blockades turned into street fights unusually quickly, and alongside mainstream media, social media plays an invaluable role in this.

Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni\'s government has introduced the Decreto Scuola 2026. The law entered into effect on October 1, 2026, and the Italian Parliament must convert it into a permanent statute within 60 days. The law includes several measures affecting the education system and minorities across Italy.

The resurfacing of the controversial “heartbeat law” for pregnancy interruptions in Hungary gave the newly elected government an opportunity to consult civil and expert opinion before a legislative decision. Understanding the chain of events and the arguments of the different actors involved in the public discourse is crucial for evaluating the successes and failures of the public consultation.

Are women’s rights compatible with religion? How have women\'s rights evolved in the Islamic Republic? Has the recent conflict involving Israel, the United States, and Iran brought Iran any closer to freedom? And what is the endgame? Leszek Jazdzewski (Fundacja Liberte!) talks with Masih Alinejad, an Iranian-American journalist and human rights activist.

The Civic Space Report measures how free civil society organisations are to operate in seven countries in Central and Eastern Europe. Experts in each country scored the situation from January 2025 to June 2026 against 20 standards. These cover how governments treat civil society, the legal and financial framework, public trust and support, and influence […]